Rome, the capital of Italy, is a city steeped in history, art, and culture. Known as the Eternal City, it offers a rich tapestry of ancient ruins, Renaissance masterpieces, and vibrant street life. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an art lover, or a foodie, Rome has something for everyone. Here’s a detailed guide on the best things to do and see in this iconic city.
1. Visit the Colosseum
The Colosseum is perhaps Rome’s most iconic landmark and a must-visit for any traveler. This ancient amphitheater, completed in 80 AD, was once the site of gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and public spectacles. With a capacity of over 50,000 spectators, it is one of the greatest works of Roman engineering and architecture.
Visitors can explore the Colosseum’s vast interior, including the arena floor, underground chambers, and upper levels that offer spectacular views of the Roman Forum. Be sure to book tickets in advance, as the Colosseum is one of Rome’s most popular attractions.
2. Explore the Roman Forum and Palatine Hill
Adjacent to the Colosseum lies the Roman Forum, the heart of ancient Rome’s political, religious, and social life. Once filled with bustling markets, grand temples, and public buildings, today the Forum stands as a collection of impressive ruins, including the Temple of Saturn, Arch of Titus, and the Curia (Senate House).
A short climb from the Forum takes you to Palatine Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome and the legendary birthplace of the city. Palatine Hill offers breathtaking views of the Forum and the city below, along with fascinating ruins of imperial palaces and ancient gardens.
3. Marvel at the Pantheon
The Pantheon is one of Rome’s best-preserved ancient buildings and a true architectural marvel. Originally built as a Roman temple in 126 AD, the Pantheon was later converted into a Christian church. Its massive dome, with an oculus in the center, is a testament to the ingenuity of Roman engineering.
Step inside to admire the grand interior, where light pours through the oculus, illuminating the space. The Pantheon is also the resting place of notable figures, including the Renaissance artist Raphael and Italy’s first two kings, Victor Emmanuel II and Umberto I.
4. Stroll Through Piazza Navona
Piazza Navona is one of Rome’s most famous and beautiful squares, known for its lively atmosphere, stunning Baroque fountains, and vibrant cafes. The square is built on the site of the ancient Stadium of Domitian, and its oval shape reflects the original structure.
At the center of the piazza is Bernini’s Fountain of the Four Rivers, a magnificent sculpture representing the four major rivers of the world: the Nile, the Ganges, the Danube, and the Rio de la Plata. The square is surrounded by other notable landmarks, including the Church of Sant’Agnese in Agone and Palazzo Pamphilj.
5. Admire the Trevi Fountain
The Trevi Fountain is one of the most famous fountains in the world and a masterpiece of Baroque art. Designed by Nicola Salvi and completed in 1762, the fountain features the god Oceanus riding a chariot pulled by sea horses, surrounded by other allegorical figures.
A popular tradition for visitors is to throw a coin into the fountain over their shoulder, ensuring a return to Rome. Visit the fountain early in the morning or late at night to avoid the large crowds and fully appreciate its beauty.
6. Climb the Spanish Steps
The Spanish Steps (Scalinata di Trinità dei Monti) is a grand staircase connecting Piazza di Spagna with the Trinità dei Monti church. Built in the 18th century, the Spanish Steps are a popular gathering spot for both tourists and locals, especially in the spring when they’re decorated with vibrant flowers.
At the base of the steps lies Piazza di Spagna, home to the Fontana della Barcaccia, a charming Baroque fountain designed by Pietro Bernini. Climbing to the top of the steps offers stunning views of the city, and nearby Via dei Condotti is one of Rome’s premier shopping streets, lined with designer boutiques.
7. Vatican City and St. Peter’s Basilica
No trip to Rome is complete without a visit to Vatican City, the world’s smallest independent state and the heart of the Roman Catholic Church. Start with St. Peter’s Basilica, the largest church in the world and one of the most important sites in Christendom. Designed by Renaissance masters like Michelangelo and Bernini, the basilica is a marvel of art and architecture.
Inside, you’ll find masterpieces such as Michelangelo’s Pietà and the ornate Baldachin by Bernini. Don’t miss the opportunity to climb to the top of the basilica’s dome, where you’ll be rewarded with spectacular views of St. Peter’s Square and the surrounding city.
8. Explore the Vatican Museums and the Sistine Chapel
The Vatican Museums house one of the most extensive and impressive art collections in the world, including works by Raphael, Caravaggio, and Leonardo da Vinci. The highlight of any visit to the Vatican Museums is the Sistine Chapel, with its awe-inspiring ceiling painted by Michelangelo. The chapel’s frescoes depict scenes from the Book of Genesis, with the famous Creation of Adam as the centerpiece.
To fully appreciate the Vatican Museums and avoid long lines, consider booking a guided tour or purchasing tickets online in advance.
9. Wander Through Trastevere
For a taste of authentic Roman life, head to Trastevere, a charming neighborhood known for its narrow cobblestone streets, colorful houses, and lively atmosphere. Trastevere is home to some of the city’s best restaurants, cafes, and bars, making it a great place to enjoy an evening out.
In addition to its vibrant nightlife, Trastevere is home to beautiful churches like Santa Maria in Trastevere, one of the oldest in Rome, with stunning mosaics dating back to the 12th century. The area is also known for its artisan shops and street markets, perfect for picking up unique souvenirs.
10. The Capitoline Hill and Capitoline Museums
The Capitoline Hill is one of Rome’s seven hills and has been a symbol of the city since ancient times. Today, it’s home to Piazza del Campidoglio, designed by Michelangelo, and the Capitoline Museums, which house a rich collection of ancient Roman art and artifacts.
The museums contain masterpieces such as the Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius, the iconic Capitoline Wolf, and ancient Roman sculptures and mosaics. The hill also offers fantastic views of the Roman Forum below.
11. Take a Day Trip to Tivoli
If you have time for a day trip, consider visiting Tivoli, a historic town located about 30 kilometers from Rome. Tivoli is famous for two UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Villa d’Este and Hadrian’s Villa.
Villa d’Este is a stunning Renaissance villa known for its beautifully landscaped gardens and impressive fountains, including the famous Fountain of Neptune. Meanwhile, Hadrian’s Villa is an expansive archaeological site that was once the luxurious retreat of Emperor Hadrian, featuring palaces, baths, temples, and gardens.
12. Indulge in Roman Cuisine
Rome is a city for food lovers, and no visit would be complete without indulging in the local cuisine. Be sure to try some Roman culinary staples:
- Pasta alla Carbonara: A classic Roman dish made with eggs, pecorino cheese, guanciale (cured pork cheek), and black pepper.
- Cacio e Pepe: A simple but delicious pasta made with pecorino cheese and black pepper.
- Saltimbocca alla Romana: A traditional Roman dish of veal topped with prosciutto and sage.
- Supplì: A popular street food, these fried rice balls are filled with mozzarella and sometimes meat or tomato sauce.
- Roman Pizza: Unlike Neapolitan pizza, Roman pizza has a thinner, crispier crust and is often sold by the slice.
Finish your meal with a gelato from one of Rome’s many gelaterias, or enjoy an espresso at a traditional café.
Conclusion
Rome is a city where history, art, and modern life blend seamlessly, offering visitors a truly unforgettable experience. From the grandeur of the Colosseum and Vatican City to the charming streets of Trastevere and beyond, there is no shortage of incredible things to see and do in the Eternal City. Whether you’re marveling at ancient ruins, admiring Renaissance art, or savoring Roman delicacies, Rome promises to captivate and inspire at every turn.
Leave a Reply